英文介绍家乡

Seven counties fall under its jurisdiction (Tuanfeng, Hongan, Xishui, Qichun, Huangmei, Luotian, and Yingshan) plus two county-level cities (Wuxue and Macheng), as well as two direct administrative divisions (Huangzhou and Longganghu).

The complete municipality covers 9,861 square kilometers and the total population was 7,227,000 at the 2002 census. History

Huanggang has a history of at least 2,000 years.

[edit] Cultural Heritage

Huanggang is home to several significant cultural sites of historical interest, such as the Buddhist Ancestral Hall of Sakyamuni at Doufang Mountain, Wuzu Temple and its Changchun Nunnery, and Dongpo Red Cliff.

[edit] Education

Huanggang is the home of Huanggang High School, one of the most prestigious

secondary schools in China. The school is especially well-known for its smart and diligent students. It has consistently excellent records in China's National Higher Education Entrance Examination and International Science Olympiad. Students from Huanggang Middle School have won 25 medals in The International Mathematical Olympiad, International Physics Olympiad and International Chemistry Olympiad. Textbooks and course materials edited by facultys from this school are widely recognized and popular all over the country, making Huanggang High School a national brand. Huanggang Normal University is a full-time institution of higher education located in the city of Huanggang.

[edit] Economy

Huanggang has a diversified economy, ranging from bio- and herbal medicine to manufacturing, agriculture, and tourism. Since ancient times, Huanggang has been renowned for local specialties such as the \"Qichun Four Treasures\" (snake, turtle, bamboo, and moxa), Huangmei \"tiaohua\" embroidery, and Wuxue \"zhangshuiqian\" bamboo products. Today, Huanggang at large is recognized for organic vegetables. With its \"Guihuaxiang\" brand of chestnuts, Luotian is the leading chestnut-growing county in all

of China. Yingshan is famous for its \"cloud mist\" green tea. Qichun, of course, is famous for herbal medicine. Macheng is a national model county for cattle breeding. Huangmei is a major center of freshwater shrimp and fragrant jade rice production. And Hongan peanut production ranks the first in Hubei Province.

[edit] Transportation

Huanggang enjoys an excellent transportation infrastructure. Wuhan airport is only 90 kilometers (km) to the west, while Jiujiang airport in Jiangxi Province to the east is only 160 km away. Being on the Yangtze River, Wuhan main port is within 80 km and Huangzhou city has a small bulk-handling port. There is an extensive road network, with three north-south and seven east-west major roads within the main city area. The city also is served by several new expressways, including the north-south \"Jingzhu\" (Beijing to Zhuhai, in Guangdong Province) expressway and the east-west Wuhan to Shanghai expressway. Huanggang also is on the main north-south \"Jingjiu\" (Beijing to ) and \"Jingguang\" (Beijing to Guangzhou, in Guangdong) railway lines. And to cross the Yangtze by road, there are three bridges routes: to Ezhou, Huangshi, and Jiujiang.

[edit] Famous Persons

Huanggang prefecture is the birthplace of several famous Chinese inventors, scientists, and scholars, including:

Bi Sheng, the inventor of movable type printing; Cheng Yi, ancient idealist philosopher;

Li Shizhen, herbalist and author of the ancient medical classic Compendium of Materia Medica;

Li Siguang, ecologist;

Lin Biao, One of the ten marshals in China; Wen Yiduo, patriotic poet;

Xiong Shili, a 21-century Chinese philosopher.

As well, Huanggang is famous for breeding military and political leaders. Hongan County is known as the \"County of Generals\" in that more than 400 Chinese army generals have been born there, a total far greater than for any other county in all of China. In addition, former military leader and President of China, Li Xiannian (1909-1992), was born in Hongan.

Qichun County (Chinese: 蕲春县) is a county of Huanggang, Hubei, China.

Qichun County is the birthplace of famous herbalist Li Shizhen, who was born and lived in Qizhou town, on the southern edge of the County, alongside the Yangtze River. In turn, Qichun is a major center of the herbal industry in China.

Qichun County is known in China as the \"County of Scholars\" because more professors (400+) and doctors were born there than in any other county of China. The town of Qichun consists of Qichun proper, and Caohe precinct.

[edit] History

The earliest known founding of Qichun was in 201 BC. Due to its strategic location, in history Qichun was referred to as “The Key Point in Jinchu” (Jinchu was the ancient name for the region).

Centuries later, in the summer of 223 AD in the Three Kingdoms period, Eastern Wu general He Qi attacked and eliminated an outpost of Wei in the new commandery territory of Qichun, on the southern slopes of the Dabie Shan mountains. But for the next twelve months the northern front remained quiet.

The Grand Administrator of Qichun was Jin Zong, a former officer of Sun Quan who had deserted and joined Cao Wei. It appears he was given the commandery appointment at this time, in the hill country of the Dabie Shan on the border region between Lujiang and Jiangxia, so that he could disturb the communications routes along the Yangtze and across that river to the south.

There is evidence that the Qichun commandery had been established a few years earlier, evidently on the basis of the county of that name in Jiangxia commandery of Later Han, but the territory had been abandoned by Cao Cao at the time of his withdrawal in 213 AD. From this time, after the defeat of Jin Zong's infiltration, the territory was held by Wu. One of the subordinate commanders in He Qi's attack on Qichun was Mi Fang, the erstwhile officer of Guan Yu who had surrendered Jiangling to Lü Meng in 219 AD. Qichun also was evidently a proving ground for renegades.

[edit] Geography

The Qichun countryside.The total geographic area of Qichun County is 2,400 km². Of this, 560 km² are arable. Water covers 310 km² (there are hundreds of lakes in Qichun County, almost all used for aquaculture). Forested areas cover 1,040 km².

(Note: While not stated in government data, unless there is a statistical error, the remaining 490 km² must be hills/mountains, in the northern part of the County, or simply unusable land).

[edit] Climate

The local climate is classed as \"subtropical mainland monsoon,\" with distinct seasons and abundant rainfall (average 134 centimeters per year). When the Yangtze River floods, Qichun County also experiences some flooding.

[edit] Population

Total County population was 949,700 at the last census. Qichun Town's population was 162,000, of whom 71,000 were engaged in agriculture (fisheries, crops, and herbs are the main agricultural sectors) and the remainder non-agriculture (which includes minerals and manufacturing of various kinds). About 40% of all the farmers of Qichun County are engaged in growing herbs.

[edit] Local character and folklore

The County has produced hundreds of scholars and doctors and is known as \"The County of Scholars.\" Perhaps not surprisingly, the local character is considered \"refined.\" Hubei people are known as (and refer to themselves as) \"9-headed birds.\" This is meant as a compliment: they are both talkative and clever (9 mouths yacking; 9 brains thinking). Hubei people are said to be \"square and sturdy\" (that is, healthy, strong, and square-and-sturdy in appearance).

[edit] Famous people

In addition to the famous herbalist Li Shizhen, another Qichun scholar from ancient times was Gu Jingxing (1621-1687), a prolific author of hundreds of books, and an Imperial scholar from a long hereditary line of scholars going back several generations of the Gu family.

More-recent famous people from Qichun include:

Wu Shu (writer and Communist revolutionary, 1902-1985); Hu Feng (literary theorist, 1902-1985);

Huang Kan (Professor, newspaper founder, 1886-1935); Zhan Dabei (Kuomingtan/KMT leftist, 1887-1927);

Tian Tong (1879-1937, author and Minister of Internal Affairs in the revolutionary government of Sun Yatsen);

Dong Yuhua (leader of student movement and military commander, 1907-1939); Yuan Shu (government Minister, started Chinese Communist Party intelligence system, 1911-1987);

Gao Huiyuan (born 1922, medical scientist and doctor to Premier Zhou Enlai). [edit] Government

Qichun Town HallThe town of Qichun is in the Caohe precinct of Qichun County, the towns of Qichun and Caohe essentially having amalgamated geographically. Qichun town is the \"county seat\

The government buildings for the County and the Town are adjacent to each other, and are just across the street from the relatively-new Qichun Hotel (below).

[edit] Hotels

Qichun HotelThere is only one hotel of any significance in Qichun. But it is a new hotel, built around 2001.

It has a spacious lobby, with a 10-pin bowling alley off one side, and a large banquet/dining hall on the other.

There is a large garden surrounding the property. Rooms are comfortable and the Hotel would be rated about 3-stars by Western standards. Another major local hotel is Honglou Hotel with delicate private dinning rooms.

[edit] Transportation

Qichun Motorbike TaxiQichun is reasonably well-served by rail, bus, and road transportation; there is no airport.

The main Beijing to Guangzhou rail line passes through Qichun, and there are local trains, west to the Hubei provincial capital of Wuhan and south-east into Jiangxi province.

There is a local bus service and also frequent express buses into Wuhan via the new inter-provincial expressway running east-west across the province. A journey by express bus to Wuhan takes less than three hours; by car the journey is less than 2.5 hours.

Local roads (including that into town from the expressway) are rough and full of pot holes.

However, downtown streets are well paved with good sidewalks. There are few cars thus far in Qichun, but many motorbikes. Taxis are of the 3-wheel motorbike-with-cab type.

[edit] Economy

The herbal industry, centered on Qizhou, is the biggest component of the Qichun County economy. Some 200,000 herb farmers live in Qichun County. They produce more than 700 varieties. The local herb wholesale market is the third largest in China, with more than 800 million yuan (US$100 million, as of 2006) of annual trading volume.

[edit] Social welfare

Qichun Social Welfare Institute, new building, 2005, with old building (white) behind it on the right.Qichun County has its own Social Welfare Institute (SWI) to accommodate elderly people, handicapped persons, the homeless, and orphans. The Social Welfare Institute constructed a new building in 2004, designed mainly for the elderly and handicapped children and adults. Children which are abandoned or orphaned, and are awaiting adoption either domestically or internationally, are placed with local foster families. But they visit the SWI weekly for medical checks and group playtime activities. About 400 orphans have been adopted internationally from Qichun County SWI. These children now live with families all over the world: in Canada and the U.S.A., in Australasia, and in most countries of Western Europe.