一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析） 1．阅读理解
\"Without music, life would be a mistake, \"famous German philosopher（哲学家）Friedrich Nietzsche said over a century ago. Music is a big part of our lives. But in recent years, some American schools have cut music classes to control budgets（预算）.
For example, Chicago public schools hurt arts education when it fired over 1, 000 teachers. Among them, 10 percent of the teachers taught art or music, according to The Washington Times. In fact, this is not just a problem in the US. In other countries, such as China and the UK, music classes are not thought to be as important as ones like science, math and history. That's partly because music is not seen as a very important life skill, and it isn't tested. Many students are busy with schoolwork, so parents and students choose to focus on subjects that are tested more often. However, learning music is beneficial（有益的）in many ways.
When playing music, you need different abilities to work together. It is not as simple as it looks, according to Kenneth K. Guilmartin of Music Together, an early childhood music development program. For example, when playing the piano, people see music notes and decode（解码）them in their brains. They also use their fingers to make sounds. You need to deal with all these things at the same time.
Music has a special connection with science as well. You can see that many scientists are good at playing music：Einstein played the violin and German physicist Max Planck was talented in playing the piano.
（1）Some schools in the US cut music classes, because ____.
A. they were too difficult to learn B. students in the US weren't interested in music C. the schools wanted to control budgets D. there weren't enough music teachers in the US （2）In Paragraph 2, what does the underlined word \"them\" refer to（指代）? A. Students in Chicago. B. Public schools. C. Parents in Chicago. D. Fired teachers. （3）How many scientists who are good at playing music are mentioned in this passage? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four. （4）What's the writer's opinion according to this passage?
A. Music is as simple as it looks. B. Music classes should be cut in some schools. C. Music is a big part of our lives. D. Music isn't a very important life skill for us. 【答案】 （1）C （2）D （3）B （4）C
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了很多地区削减了音乐课以控制预算，这是不合适的，因为音乐在许多方面都是有益的。
（1）细节题。根据some American schools have cut music classes to control budgets可知美国的一些学校停课，因为学校想控制预算，故选C。
（2）词义猜测题。根据Chicago public schools hurt arts education when it fired over 1, 000
teachers...10 percent of the teachers taught art or music 芝加哥公立学校解雇了1000多名教师……10%的教师教授艺术或音乐，可知them指代被解雇的教师，故选D。
（3）细节题。根据 Einstein played the violin and German physicist Max Planck was talented in playing the piano 爱因斯坦拉小提琴，德国物理学家马克斯·普朗克擅长弹钢琴可知文章提到了2名擅长演奏音乐的科学家，故选B。
（4）推理题。根据 Music has a special connection with science as well 音乐也与科学有着特殊的联系 可知作者的观点是音乐是我们生活的一大部分，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意。
2．根据短文内容理解选择正确答案。 A
According to a new survey, students’ safety has become a big problem. Nearly 50% of students say they are worried about robbery on the way to and from school. Now in main big cities in China, some schools have taught an unusual lesson: self-protection. Students like this lesson because there are no exams or boring classes. And they can learn how to save lives and know how to stop danger before it really happens.
Chen Haoyu, a teacher at Beijing No. 25 Middle School, gives young students advice on how to deal with danger. ★If you are robbed
Keep calm. lf you can not cry for help or run away. Give the robber your money. Try to remember what the robber looks like and tell the police later. ★If you are in a traffic accident
If a car hits you. You should remember the car number. If it is a bicycle, try to call your parents before you let the rider go. This is because you don't know how seriously you are hurt ★If it is raining hard and there is lighting
Don't stay in high places and stay away from trees. ★When there is a fire
Get away as fast as yon can. Put wet things on your body and try to find an exit. Do not take the lift.
★If someone is drowning
If you can't swim, don't get into the water. Cry out for help.
Remember that danger is never as far away as you think. Take care of yourself at all time! （1）Why do students like the self-protection lesson? ①Because there are no tests. ②Because the lessons are boring ③Because they can learn how to save lives.
④Because they can know how to stop danger before it happens.
A. ①② B. ②③ C. ①②④ D. ①③④
（2）What will you do if a bicycle hurts you? A. I will remember the bicycle number. B. I won't let the rider go until I call my parents. C. I will let the rider go before I call my parents.
D. I will let the rider go because I know how seriously I am hurt. （3）lf your house is on fire, you must__________. A. put dry things on your body B. run quickly and take the lift
C. run away and find an exit as quickly as you can D. take everything you have and then run away
（4）There are ________ways of self-protection mentioned in the passage. A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6 （5）The best title for this passage is _________.
A. How to Keep Calm B. Self-protection C. An usual lesson D. Danger 【答案】（1）D （2）B （3）C （4）C （5）B
【解析】【分析】据调查，学生的安全是一个大问题，现在很多学校开设特殊的安全课。一位来自北京25中的老师给我们介绍的几点遇到危险时的正确做法。发生交通事故时首先要记下车号码，有闪电的时候不要使用手机不要看电视，发生火灾时要及时逃生，有人溺水时要呼救，遇到抢劫时要保持冷静等等。
⑴细节理解。根据第一段 Students like this lesson because there are no exams or boring classes. And they can learn how to save lives and know how to stop danger before it really happens.可知学生喜欢这个课时因为没有考试，不无聊，可以学习如何救命，知道怎样预防危险。故选D。
⑵细节理解。根据 If it is a bicycle, try to call your parents before you let the rider go. 可知被自行车撞了给父母打电话来了才能让肇事者离开。故选B。
⑶细节理解。根据 Get away as fast as yon can. Put wet things on your body and try to find an exit. Do not take the lift.可知家里着火要尽快离开，把东西打湿披在身上，别乘电梯。故选C。
⑷细节理解题。通过阅读可知，文中提到了5种自保方式，发生交通事故时首先要记下车号码，有闪电的时候不要使用手机不要看电视，发生火灾时要及时逃生，有人溺水时要呼救，遇到抢劫时要保持冷静。故选C。
⑸主旨大意。本文讲述学生学习遇到危险时如何自保。故选B。
【点评】阅读理解考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词，在文章中寻找答案。
3．阅读理解
He was an old man who fished alone in a small boat on the sea and he had gone eighty-four days now without taking a fish. In the first forty days a boy had been with him. But after forty days without a fish, the boy's parents had told him that the old man was now salao, which was the worst form of unluck, and the boy had gone with another boat which caught three good fish the first week. It made the boy sad to see the old man come in each day with his boat empty. The sail looked like the flag of failure forever.
The old man was thin with deep wrinkles（皱纹）in the back of his neck. His face was terribly brown because of the strong sunlight on the sea every day and his hands had the deep scars（伤疤）from dealing with heavy fish on the lines. But none of these were fresh. Everything about him was old except his eyes and they were the same colour as the sea and were cheerful. \"Santiago,\" the boy said to him as they climbed the bank from the sea. \"I could go with you again. We've made some money.\"
The old man had taught the boy to fish and the boy loved him. \"No, \"the old man said.\" You're with a lucky boat. Stay with them.\"
\"But remember how you went eighty-seven days without fish and then we caught big ones every day for three weeks.\" \"I remember,\" the old man said.
\"It was papa who made me leave. I am a boy and I must follow him.\" \"I know,\" the old man said. \"It is quite normal.\" \"He hasn't much faith（信心）.\"
\"No,\" the old man said.\" But we have. Haven't we?\" \"Yes,\" the boy said. \"Can I offer you a beer on the Terrace?\" \"Why not?\" the old man said. \"Between fishermen.\" （1）In the story the old man was the boy's .
A. grandfather B. friend C. boss D. host （2）The word \"they\" in Paragraph 2 refers to of the old man.
A. the hands B. the scars C. the eyes D. the wrinkles （3）The old man refused the boy to go fishing with him again because . A. he wanted to fish by himself B. he could really understand his parents C. the boy asked for some money D. the boy had already learnt how to fish （4）From the story we can know that . A. the old man was always full of hope B. the boy's parents believed in the old man C. everyone laughed at the old man's bad luck D. the boy was worried about the old man's health 【答案】 （1）B （2）C （3）B （4）A
【解析】【分析】主要讲了一个老人84天没有捕到鱼了，男孩的父母不让小男孩和老人一起捕鱼，认为老人运气不好，老人比较理解男孩的父母。
（1）细节题。根据全文可知小男孩和老人一起去捕鱼，他们的关系是朋友关系，故选B。 （2）细节题。根据Everything about him was old except his eyes除了他的眼睛，他周围的一切都很老，所以they代指眼睛，即eyes，故选C。
（3）细节题。根据\"It was papa who made me leave. I am a boy and I must follow him.\" \"I know,\" the old man said. \"It is quite normal.\"可知老人理解男孩爷爷的想法，所以拒绝小男孩再次和他一起去捕鱼，故选B。
（4）细节题。根据\"He hasn't much faith（信心）.\" \"No,\" the old man said.\" But we have. Haven't we?\"可知男孩爷爷对老人没有信心，但是老人和男孩有信心，故选A。 【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
4．阅读理解
Abdul Sadiq, an Afghanistan's only professional cyclist, began by training his daughter. And when she competed successfully abroad, he set up the team. It is the world's most unlikely sporting team, because the sport breaks taboos in a country where in many traditional communities, women are not allowed out of the house.
The head coach faces frequent threats and the girls' families do not always approve \"If it's not their fathers trying to stop them, it's a brother or uncle.\"
Two members of the team, Massouma, 18, and Zarab, 17, are sisters. Their father and their brothers approve, but they know that their uncles complain to their father. \"They will never come in front of us to say ‘Why are you cycling?', but they say bad words to our father,\" she said. His team have, however, competed and won regionally against Bangladesh and Pakistan.
\"We want to go cycling because we want to be heroes one day,\" said 16-year-old Jella, one of the latest riders. In one of the mildest and driest winters for many years, training has gone on without stopping. And next spring, the girls will go up into the mountains. \"We say that women should not sit at home, they need to come out and do sports,\" said Abdul Sadiq, And 18- year-old Zainab said she wished that she could just go cycling alone on the street one day. \"It's my ambition, and I hope that one day girls will be allowed to go cycling on the streets, not having a coach, or anyone with them, and they will not have problems,\" she said. （1）What does Abdul Sadiq do?
A. A teacher. B. A cyclist. C. A reporter. D. A driver. （2）What does the underlined word \"taboos\" mean in Chinese?
A. 禁忌 B. 警告 C. 符号 D. 风俗 （3）From the third paragraph, we can know
A. Massouma and Zarab's parents approve of their joining the team B. Massouma and Zarab's uncles are against their cycling C. Massouma and Zarab don't want to join the team D. Massouma and Zarab are both very old （4）What was Zainab's dream?
A. Her mother approving her cycling. B. Going cycling alone on the street. C. Joining the team. D. Winning against Bangladesh and Pakistan. （5）Where may you see the passage?
A. In a storybook. B. In a fashion magazine. C. In a travel guide book. D. In a sports newspaper. 【答案】 （1）B （2）A （3）B （4）B （5）D
【解析】【分析】主要讲了阿卜杜勒·萨迪克是阿富汗唯一的职业自行车手，他从训练女儿开始。当她在国外比赛成功时，他组建了这个队。这是世界上最不可能的运动队，因为这项运动打破了许多传统社区禁止妇女出门的禁忌。
（1）细节题。根据Abdul Sadiq, an Afghanistan's only professional cyclist可知阿卜杜勒·萨迪克是阿富汗唯一的职业自行车手，故选B。
（2）细节题。根据where in many traditional communities, women are not allowed out of the house.可知许多传统社区禁止妇女出门，所以是打破了禁忌，故选A。
（3）细节题。根据Two members of the team, Massouma, 18, and Zarab, 17, are sisters. Their father and their brothers approve, but they know that their uncles complain to their father.可知Massouma和Zarab的叔叔反对他们骑自行车，故选B。
（4）细节题。根据And 18- year-old Zainab said she wished that she could just go cycling alone on the street one day.可知Zainab希望一天独自在街上骑自行车，故选B。 （5）细节题。根据全文可知与骑自行车有关，所以在体育报纸上看到，故选D。 【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
5．阅读理解
On the afternoon of the day that we arrived in Xingcheng, we left for Qinhuangdao. It was raining heavily while we were on the highway. I kept the speed less than 100 kilometres per hour. We got to Qinhuangdao in the late afternoon. We booked in a hotel a normal room with a large bed, an air conditioner, a TV and a toilet. 150 yuan more or less is worthy of that.
The next morning, it only took us less than 30 minutes to get to the beach. Policemen were everywhere, and they guided our traffic. The bill of the parking was 20 yuan. I paid some money for life buoys because none of us could swim. The water was not too deep near the beach and with a life buoy I could float on the water in order not to get drowned. I taught my wife how to use the life buoy, although it was also the first time that I used it. But my daughter was fascinated by the sand. She played with the sand with all her attention, which made us laugh. The environment in Beidaihe was fine, although it was not very clean, and we had a good time. By the way, in the evening we visited the shopping street in the central city. We visited a shopping street near Beidaihe. There were a lot of people, shopping and dining. Of course, we had some seafood there too.
（1）The writer went to Beidaihe ______________.
A. by train B. by bus C. by car D. by plane （2）What do the underlined words \"life buoys\" mean in Chinese?
A. 防晒霜 B. 救生圈 C. 游泳衣 D. 游艇 （3）What was the writer's daughter doing while they were swimming? A. Taking a walk along the beach. B. Having a picnic. C. Lying in the sun. D. Playing with the sand. （4）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. The writer booked a room with 300 yuan a night. B. The writer's wife is very good at swimming. C. The environment is very clean in Beidaihe. D. The writer bad some seafood that evening. （5）What's the best title for the passage?
A. The trip to Beidaihe B. The sea in Beidaihe C. The weather in Beidaihe D. The food in Beidaihe 【答案】 （1）C （2）B （3）D （4）D （5）A
【解析】【分析】主要讲了作者去北戴河旅行。
（1）推断题。根据I kept the speed less than 100 kilometres per hour.我把速度保持在每小时100公里以下。可知是开车，即by car，故选C。
（2）细节题。根据后句because none of us could swim.因为我们都不会游泳，所以买了一些救生圈，故选B。
（3）细节题。根据But my daughter was fascinated by the sand. She played with the sand with all her attention, which made us laugh.但是我的女儿被沙子迷住了。她全神贯注地玩着沙子，这使我们笑了起来，可知女儿正在玩沙子，故选D。
（4）细节题。根据Of course, we had some seafood there too.当然，我们也吃了一些海鲜，可知是吃了海鲜，故选D。
（5）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了作者去北戴河旅行，故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
6．阅读理解
These days haze（雾霾） is around us here and there. In fact, everyone has the power to change their living habits to help reduce it. Many local governments call on their people to take action to make the air cleaner.
Transport is one of the biggest contributors（促成物） to haze. When, where, bow, why and what you drive all affect air quality. When one drives to work for one year, he uses as much energy as a bus rider uses in 10 years. So walk or ride your bicycle to work or school whenever possible. If it is necessary, you can use public transport instead of your car. Each person using
public transport for a year instead of a car can save nearly a tonne of pollutants, including CO2, from going into the atmosphere.
Carpooling is another way to reduce carbon emissions （排放）. Carpooling is the sharing of car journeys so that more than one person travels in a car. It immediately reduces your car's emissions by half.
What you do inside your living space can have a big effect on the air quality outside it. You can do a lot of things inside and around your home that will help you pollute less and save some money.
A large amount of our energy supply comes from burning coal, another contributor to haze. By cutting down your electricity use, you are cutting down on haze. So you may try to reduce your use of electricity by turning off lights, using your air conditioner wisely during the summer months, or updating some of your electrical appliances to low-energy models. For example, you can use energy-saving lamps that require less energy and last 10 times longer than common bulbs.
（1）Which does the writer think should play an important role in reducing haze? A. City cleaners. B. Haze producers. C. Local governments. D. Common people. （2）We can infer（推断） from the passage that the writer thinks . A. cars can be used only when people have to B. cars should be given up as soon as possible C. cars must be improved to reduce air pollution D. cars may cause the most serious pollution of all
（3）We should reduce the use of electricity mainly because . A. we can save a lot of money by using less energy B. coal is now becoming rarer and rarer on our planet C. harmful things come out while electricity is produced D. electrical appliances send out something harmful to our air （4）Which can be the best title for the passage?
A. What Are Causing Haze Around Us B. What You Can Do to Reduce Haze C. How Dangerous Haze Is to Our Life D. How Important It Is to Reduce Haze 【答案】 （1）D （2）A （3）C （4）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要介绍了几种减少雾霾的方法，第一种为尽量使用公共交通工具外出，第二种为尽量拼车出行，第三种为减少电力的使用。
（1）细节题。结合第一段第二句 In fact, everyone has the power to change their living habits to help reduce it. 可知，每个人都有能力通过改变自己的生活习惯来减少雾霾。因此，作者认为在减少雾霾上，普通人应该发挥重要作用， 故选D。
（2）推断题。由第二段 So walk or ride your bicycle to work or school whenever possible. If it is necessary, you can use public transport instead of your car. 可知，尽可能步行或骑自行车，必要时乘坐公共交通工具也不要开车。因此作者认为仅当不得已的时候才应该才去开车，
故选A。
（3）细节题。结合第五段第一句 A large amount of our energy supply comes from burning coal, another contributor to haze. 可知，发电时，我们需要烧煤等，而这会释放出有害物质，进而污染空气。C项意为“当生产电力时会释放有害物质”，符合题意，故选C。 （4）主旨题。通读全文，文章主要介绍了几种减少雾霾的方法，第一种为尽量使用公共交通工具外出，第二种为尽量拼车出行，第三种为减少电力的使用。故文章主旨在于普通人可以做些什么、采取什么措施来减少雾霾，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解能力，首先通读全文，掌握大意，然后根据问题在文章中找到依据，选出正确答案，注意阅读方法的运用。
7．阅读理解
Art Training Course Do you want to get $ 75~$ 200 each hour? You will get good jobs if you spend only a week on our courses about ads, TV programs, films and fashion. Website: www. awardmakeupschool. com Telephone number: 310—364—0665 Teaching English Overseas A 4-week language course is offered monthly in Prague. It's helpful for you to get good jobs around the world. Cost: $ 1,300 per month Website: www.teflworldwideprague.com Looking for a Roommate I'm Mary. I have a house with three bedrooms. There are many things in it, like a TV, a washing machine and a fridge. You only need to pay $ 200 for it each month. And it includes the cost of surfing the Internet. There are two rules for you to obey: You mustn't make lots of noise in the house and you must keep the house clean. E-mail: www.room.to.rent@hotmail. com （1）If Jim wants to take the language course for two months, he'll have to pay _________. A. $75 B. $ 200 C. $ 1,300 D. $ 2,600 （2）Mary's house provides the following things EXCEPT __________.
A. a computer B. a TV C. a fridge D. a washing machine （3）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. The cost of the art training course is $ 75 each hour. B. People should pay $ 1,300 for the language course each week. C. If you often surf the Internet, you'd better not rent Mary's house. D. People who want to live in Mary's house should pay $ 1,200 half a year. 【答案】 （1）D （2）A （3）D
【解析】【分析】（1）细节理解题。根据文中的表格二Teaching English Overseas A 4-week
language course is offered monthly in Prague．It's helpful for you to get good jobs around the world．Cost：1300per month可知学习英语每个人每个月1300元，两个月就是2600元，故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据文中的表格三There are many things in it，like a TV，a washing machine and a fridge．可知房子里有电视，洗衣机和冰箱，没有提到电脑，故选A。 （3）细节理解题。根据文中的表格三You only need to pay 200for it each month可知 一间卧室月租是200，半年就是200X6=1200，所以要想成为玛丽的合租室友，半年要付1200，故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。
8．阅读理解
In Britain. Boxing Day is usually celebrated on December 26th, which is the following day after Christmas Day. However, strictly speaking, Boxing Day is the first weekday after Christmas. Like Christmas Day, Boxing Day is a public holiday. This means it's a non-working day in the whole of Britain. When Boxing Day falls on a Saturday or Sunday, the following Monday is the public holiday.
The exact origin（起源）of the holiday is unclear. One of the thoughts is that during the Middle Ages, when great sailing ships were setting off to discover new land, a Christmas Box was placed by a priest（神父）on each ship. Those sailors who wanted to ensure a safe return would drop money into the box. It was sealed up and kept on board until the ship came home safely. Then the box was handed over to the priest in exchange for the saying of a mass of thanks for the success of the sailing. The priest wouldn't open it to share the contents with the poor until Christmas.
One more thought is about the \"Alms Box\" placed in every church on Christmas Day. Worshippers（做礼拜的人） put gifts for the poor into it. These boxes were always opened the day after Christmas. That is why that day became known as Boxing Day.
Today, many businesses, organizations and families try to keep the traditional spirit of Boxing Day alive by donating（捐赠） their time, services and money to aid Food Banks, providing gifts for the poor, or helping families in need. Besides, spending time with family and shopping are popular Boxing Day activities now.
（1）If Christmas Day is on a Saturday, Boxing Day will be celebrated on____________. A. December 25th B. December 26th C. December 27th D. December 28th
（2）Sailors dropped money into the Christmas Box in order to____________. A. save the poor B. pay for the priest C. discover new land D. pray for sailing safety （3）What does the underlined phrase“sealed up\" mean in Chinese?
A. 密封 B. 悬挂 C. 归还 D. 传递 （4）The purpose of the passage is____________.
A. to praise the kindness of priests B. to introduce the origins of Boxing Day C. to call on people to help the poor D. to compare Boxing Day with Christmas Day 【答案】 （1）C （2）D （3）A （4）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：在英国。节礼日通常在12月26日举行，这是圣诞节后的第二天。但是，严格来说，节礼日是圣诞节后的第一个工作日。像圣诞节一样，节礼日也是一个公共假日。这意味着这是整个英国的非工作日。当节礼日是星期六或星期日时，下一个星期一是公共假日。
（1）细节理解题，根据When Boxing Day falls on a Saturday or Sunday, the following Monday is the public holiday.可知，如果圣诞节在星期六，节礼日就在星期一，也就是十二月二十七日，故答案是C。
（2）细节理解题，根据Those sailors who wanted to ensure a safe return would drop money into the box.可知水手往节礼箱里方硬币是为了祈求航行安全，故答案是D。
（3）词义猜测题，根据The priest wouldn't open it to share the contents with the poor until Christmas.可知回来之后让神父打开箱子，可知之前箱子被密封了，故答案是A。 （4）主旨大意题，根据文章介绍了节礼日的起源，故答案是B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、词义猜测题和主旨大意题。细节理解题要可以直接从文中寻找答案；词义猜测题，需要根据单词所在的语境，进行合理想象，确定单词的意思；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
9．阅读理解
Some people bring out the best in you in a way that you might never have fully realized on your own. My mother was one of those people.
My father died when I was one year-old. While I was growing up, we led a very hard life, but my mom gave me a lot of love. Bach night, she seated me on her lap and, spoke the words that would change my life,\" Kemmons, you are sure to be a great man and you can do anything in life if you work hard enough to get it.\"
At fourteen, I was hit by a car and the doctors said that I would never walk again. Every might my mother spoke to me in her gentle, loving voice, telling me whatever those doctors said, I could walk again if I wanted to. She drove that message so deep into my heart that I finally believed her. A year later, I walked on my own to school!
When the Great Depression broke out, my mother lost her job. Then I left school to support the two of us. At that moment I decided never to be poor again.
Over the years, I experienced a lot of business success. But the real turning point happened on a vacation I took with my wife and five kids in 1951. I was dissatisfied with the second-class hotels available for families and was very angry, that they charged an extra $2 for each child. That was too expensive for an ordinary American family. I told my wife that I was going to open a motel （汽车旅馆） for families that would never charge extra money for children. Many people did not believe me at that time.
Not surprisingly, mom was my strongest supporter. As in any business, I experienced a lot of difficulties. But with my mom's words in my heart, I never doubted I would succeed. Fifteen years later, I had the largest hotel system in the world- Holiday Inn. In 1979 my company had 1,759 inns in more than fifty countries with an income of $I billion a year.
You may not have started out life in the best situations. But if you find a task in life worth working for and believe in yourself, nothing can stop you.
（1）What Kemmons's mom often told him during his childhood was . A. boring B. tiring C. encouraging D. interesting （2）What caused Kemmons to start a motel by himself? A. His mom's support. B. His wife's suggestion.
C. The poor condition of his family. D. His terrible experience in the hotel. （3）Which of the following best describes Kemmons's mother? A. Serious and hard- working. B. Loving and supportive. C. Strict and humorous. D. Careful and strong-willed.
（4）What led to Kemmons's success according to the passage? Why?（请用约40词回答）. 【答案】 （1）C （2）D （3）B
（4）His mom's encouragement, clear goals, self-confidence and hard work. Because his mom's encouragement made him believe in himself. And if you find a task in life worth working for and believe in yourself, nothing can stop you.
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了作者的母亲是如何对自己进行教导和鼓励的。 （1）细节理解题。根据第二段\"Kemmons, you are sure to be a great man and you can do anything in life if you work hard enough to get it.\"Kemmons，你一定会成为一个伟大的人，如果你努力工作，你可以做到任何事情，可知妈妈的话是鼓舞人的，encouraging鼓舞人的，故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第五段I was dissatisfied with the second-class hotels available for families and was very angry, that they charged an extra $2 for each child.I told my wife that I was going to open a motel for families that would never charge extra money for children，我对家庭可住的二级旅馆不满意，而且很生气，因为一个孩子多收两美元，我告诉我妻子，我要开一家不给孩子额外收费的家庭住的汽车旅馆，可知是由于在旅馆的糟糕的经历导致他决定自己开汽车旅馆，故选D。
（3）推理判断题。通过通读全文可知作者的妈妈是深爱孩子的，并且根据第六段mom was my strongest supporter，妈妈是我最强大的支持者，可知作者的妈妈一直都在鼓励、支
持他，故选B。
（4）综合分析题。通过通读全文可知作者讲述了妈妈的鼓励对自己成功的影响；根据文章第四段At that moment I decided never to be poor again，在那时我就决定绝不要再贫穷了，可知他是有明确目标的人；最后一句话But if you find a task in life worth working for and believe in yourself, nothing can stop you，可知作者的成功也有自己的自信和努力；原因是第六段But with my mom's words in my heart, I never doubted I would succeed但我心里有妈妈的话，我从不怀疑我会成功，和第七段But if you find a task in life worth working for and believe in yourself, nothing can stop you但如果你在生活中找到了一个值得为之工作的任务，并相信自己，没有什么能阻止你，故答案为His mom's encouragement, clear goals, self-confidence and hard work. Because his mom's encouragement made him believe in himself. And if you find a task in life worth working for and believe in yourself, nothing can stop you. 【点评】考查阅读理解，注意理解文章大意，读懂题目，去文章寻找关键词。
10．阅读理解
We often hear stories of animals rescuing people. But now someone has managed to return the favor.
The event took place on a snowy January morning. Thomas Smith was walking his dog, Jack, in the park. \"As I was walking, I just saw Jack running into the ice towards the ducks in the middle, and then he fell into the water and couldn't climb out,\" said Smith. He realized he had no choice but to try and save his dog. \"Someone else told me the lake was only one meter deep, but it was at least twice that. I had to break my way through the 6-cm ice. Finally, I got Jack by the neck and pulled him out. I didn't think I had ever felt so cold by the time we got back to dry land. And when we got there, everyone was asking if Jack was okay—no one was particularly worried about me!\"
A neighbor, Julie Brown, saw it all happen. \"The dog went onto an icy lake. All of a sudden, it started to go under. There were crowds of people around, and they were all shouting and screaming. Before I knew it, the owner （Smith） was in the water forcing his way through the ice, I couldn't imagine how cold it was. Everyone was very nervous, but he was as cool as a cucumber-he just crawled back out, put the dog on its lead, and went home.
Many regard him as a hero, but Mr. Smith is quite laid—back about it, \"Most dog owners are the same as me. They would do what I did without a second thought. But in the future, I'm going to make sure he's on a lead near any icy pond.
Pets are members of our family. Would you do the same for them? （1）What happened on a cold January morning?
A. Mr. Smith met Jack in the park. B. Mr. Smith ran after Jack on the ice, C. Jack fell from the ice into the water. D. Jack played with the ducks in the water. （2）How did Mr. Smith save Jack? A. He asked a neighbor for help, B. He broke the ice and shouted to Jack. C. He got Jack by the leg and pulled him out. D. He pulled Jack out of the icy water by the neck.
（3）The underlined phrase \"as cool as a cucumber\" in Paragraph 3 means \"_________\". A. relaxed B. proud C. shy D. brave （4）In the last paragraph, the writer asks a question to . A. suggest keeping pets for fun
B. remind people to put their dogs on the leads C. encourage people to take good care of their pets D. advise people not to leave their dogs near icy ponds （5）What is the best title for the passage?
A. A man's pet dog B. A dog's best friend C. The danger on the icy lake D. Suggestions for pets' owners 【答案】 （1）C （2）D （3）A （4）C （5）B
【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要讲述了动物与人相互帮助的故事，来鼓励人们好好对待动物。
（1）细节理解题。根据第二段 I just saw Jack running into the ice towards the ducks in the middle, and then he fell into the water and couldn't climb out .可知，Jack掉进冰水里了。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段 Finally, I got Jack by the neck and pulled him out. 可知，他最终通过抓住Jack的脖子把他救出来。故选D。
（3）词义猜测题。根据前文 Everyone was very nervous 每个人都很紧张，和转折连词but，可知 as cool as a cucumber 与形容词nervous“紧张的”相反，是放松的意思。故选A。 （4）推理判断题。根据前文 Pets are members of our family. 宠物是我们家庭的成员，可知作者提问是为了鼓励人们好好照顾他们的宠物。故选C。
（5）最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了主人Thomas解救了宠物狗Jack的故事，以此来强调人应该好好对待动物，做动物的朋友，故“一只狗的最好的朋友”为最佳标题。故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解，首先快速浏览、分析问题，抓住关键词；其次带着问题通读全文，了解文章大意，找到依据，确定答案；最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。
11．阅读理解
Some people think that success is only for those with talent or those who grow up in the right
family, and others Believe that success mostly Comes down to luck. I'm not going to say luck, talent, and Circumstances（境遇）don't Come into play because they do. Some people are born into the right family while others are Born with great intelligence, and that's just the reality of how life is.
However, to succeed in life, one first needs to set a goal and then make it more practical. And, vesides that, in order to get really good at something, one needs to spend at least 10, 000 hours studying and practising. To vecome great at certain things, it'll require even more time, which most people won't put in.
This is a big reason why many successful people advise you to do something you love. If you don't enjoy what you do, it is going to feel like unbearable pain and will likely make you give up before you ever become good at it.
When you see people exhibiting some great skills or having achieved great success, you know that they have put in a huge part of their life to get there. It's sometimes easy to think they got lucky or they were Born with some unusual talent, But thinking that way does you no good, and there's a huge Chance that you're wrong anyway.
No matter what you do, if you want to Become great at it, you need to work day in and day out, almost to the point of addiction（入迷）, and over a long period of time. If you're not willing to put in the time and work, don't expect to receive any rewards. Hard work won't guarantee（保证）you the level of success you may want, But it will guarantee that you will Become really good at whatever it is you put all that work into.
（1）Paragraph 1 mainly talks about __________. A. the reasons for success B. the meaning of success C. the standards of success D. the importance of success
（2）The underlined word\" that\" refers to __________. A. putting in more time B. succeeding in life C. Being good at something D. setting a practical goal
（3）Successful people suggest doing what one loves Because __________. A. work makes him feel pain B. he is likely to enjoy his work C. he gives up his work easily D. it takes a lot of time to succeed
（4）What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To explain that luck or talent leads to success.
B. To tell us that one cannot succeed without time and practice. C. To show us that having a goal is the main reason to success. D. To describe that successful people like to show their great skills. 【答案】 （1）A
（2）D （3）B （4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是介绍 成功的关键因素不是天赋、出身或运气，而是设定一个符合实际的目标，然后为此不断地努力、付出。巨大的努力也许无法确保你想要的成功，但是你为之付出的（领域）一定会成为你的优势所在。
（1）主旨题。 第一段主要分析了成功的原因，有人认为是天赋、出身或者运气，但是作者并不完全认同，认为这只是生活的现实而已。故A项， 成功的原因是正确。B项意为“成功的意义”；C项意为“成功的标准”；D项意为“成功的重要性”，均与第一段不相关，故选A。
（2）词义猜测题。根据 to succeed in life, one first needs to set a goal and then make it more practical. And, vesides that, in order to get really good at something 可知that指代setting a practical goal，设定一个实际的目标 ，故选D。
（3）推理题。根据 This is a big reason why many successful people advise you to do something you love. If you don't enjoy what you do, it is going to feel like unbearable pain and will likely make you give up before you ever become good at it. 成功人士建议做自己喜欢的事情，因为他很可能喜欢他的工作，故选B。
（4）推理题。根据本文是介绍 成功的关键因素不是天赋、出身或运气，而是设定一个符合实际的目标，然后为此不断地努力、付出。巨大的努力也许无法确保你想要的成功，但是你为之付出的（领域）一定会成为你的优势所在。可知文章的主要目的是告诉我们没有时间和实践就不会成功，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题，推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
12．阅读理解
Lots of people are afraid of speaking in public. According to a study, there are 3 of every 4 people having such a problem. The conclusion is a bit surprising and worrying, as most jobs require some speaking ability. The following will help you to make a speech better.
Write note cards. Write main ideas on your cards. You needn't write details. Just put in some fun facts, questions, and other activities on the cards to share with the class. You needn't look at your cards for a long time while speaking. Only have a quick look at the card for information instead of reading every last word if necessary.
Smile at your class. When it's time to speak, a good old-fashioned smile is the best to draw your class into your speech. Be happy, because you're about to teach your class something they don't know before. Studies have shown that smiles are infectious. That means once you smile, it's hard for everyone else not to smile. So if you want your speech to go off well, smile. That will make everyone smile and maybe those smiles will make you actually smile.
Make eyes contact. It's so boring to listen to a speaker who looks at the floor or at note cards. Relax. Your class is made up of your friends and you talk to them all the time. Talk the same way
now. Have a look at every person in the classroom at least once. That way, everyone will feel like you're communicating with them. Also, you'll look like you know what you are talking about. Use hand motions. Move you hand along as you talk, using them to express your key points and keep the class interested. It will also lead your nervous energy into a better place. （1）According to the passage, of people are afraid of speaking in public. A. 25% B. 50% C. 100% D. 75% （2）The words \"smiles are infectious\" means . A. smiles is a kind of illness B. smiles keep people fit
C. your smiles can make others warm and want to smile too D. it's hard to make others smile
（3）Which is the right picture to the last paragraph?
A. B. C. D.
（4）The passage mainly talks about .
A. a boy's speech in class B. how to note cards C. the fear of public speaking D. how to make a speech better 【答案】 （1）D （2）C （3）B （4）D
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了如何使得人们演讲能力很出色。
（1）细节题。根据文章提到的 According to a study, there are 3 of every 4 people having such a problem 可知，一共有百分之75的人害怕在公众场合说话，故选D。
（2）细节题。根据文章提到的 So if you want your speech to go off well, smile. That will make everyone smile and maybe those smiles will make you actually smile. 可知，微笑可以给人温暖并且使得他人也笑，故选C。
（3）细节题。根据最后一段描述的是手势，可知所选的图片应该是手的图片，故选B。 （4）主旨题。根据本文主要介绍了如何使得演讲更好，可知文章的大意为如何使得演讲更好，故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
13．阅读理解
When you enter my home for the first time, you will always be impressed with a small and
white envelope（信封）. No name, no address. It has hung on our Christmas tree for about 10 years.
It all began because my husband Mike hated Christmas. He didn't hate the true meaning of Christmas, but the commercial（商业的） way of it, spending too much on the usual Christmas gifts, such as rushing into a store to buy a tie for Uncle Harry.
Knowing he felt this way, I decided not to buy the usual gifts, such as shirts and sweaters. I reached for something special for Mike. The idea came in an unusual way.
Our son Kevin, 12, was wrestling（摔跤） at the school. Before Christmas there was a match against a team helped by a city church, mostly poor kids. As the match began, I was surprised to see the other team wrestling only wearing the old clothes because they couldn't afford the wrestling uniforms, while our boys in their blue and gold uniforms. Of course, we ended up with beating them.
Mike, seated beside me, shook his head sadly,\" I wish just one of them could have won. In fact, they could if they had worn the uniforms. They have talent for wrestling, but losing like this could take the heart right out of them.\"
Mike loved kids-all kids and he knew them, having trained kids football and baseball. At that time, I thought of the idea for the gift.
That afternoon, I went to a store and bought some wrestling uniforms and sent them to the city church for the kids without leaving my name.
On Christmas Eve, I put the envelope on the tree, the note inside telling Mike what I had done and telling him that this was his gift from me. His smile was the greatest thing about Christmas that year and the next years.
You see, we lost Mike now. But every Christmas Eve I would put an envelope on the tree, and in the morning, three more joined it. Each of our children had secretly put an envelope on the tree for their dad.
Mike's spirit, like the Christmas spirit, will always be with us. （1）Mike hated Christmas because he . A. disliked receiving the same gifts every year B. didn't like people spending too much money on gifts C. didn't understand the true meaning of Christmas D. hated rushing into a store to buy a tie for Uncle Harry
（2）We can infer（推断） from the passage that the writer is a（n） . A. brave and outgoing man B. loving and patient man C. strict and serious woman D. understanding and kind woman （3）The sentence underlined in Paragraph 5 means . A. they didn't have talent because they lost the match B. they wouldn't accept the result because of the old clothes C. they might lose heart after they were badly beaten in this way D. they tried to cheer themselves up even if they failed in the match （4）It can be learnt from the passage that . A. the writer sends gifts to children every Christmas
B. the children now prefer new toys to the envelope C. the white envelope was a gift from the poor kids
D. Mike's spirit will have a strong influence on his children forever 【答案】 （1）D （2）B （3）C （4）D
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了包在信封了的圣诞节的秘密。
（1）细节题。根据 He didn't hate the true meaning of Christmas, but the commercial（商业的） way of it, spending too much on the usual Christmas gifts, such as rushing into a store to buy a tie for Uncle Harry 可知Mike不喜欢圣诞节是因为不喜欢冲进商店给哈里叔叔买领带，故选D。
（2）推理题。根据 I went to a store and bought some wrestling uniforms and sent them to the city church for the kids without leaving my name. 和 ...will always be with us 可知作者是有爱心有耐心的人，故选B。
（3）词义猜测题。根据 They have talent for wrestling, but losing like this could take the heart right out of them 他们有摔跤的天赋，但是这样的失败会让他们失去信心，可知but losing like this could take the heart right out of them的意思是 他们可能会因为这样被打得很厉害而失去信心 ，故选C。
（4）推理题。根据 Mike's spirit, like the Christmas spirit, will always be with us.可知迈克的精神将永远影响他的孩子们，故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题3种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意。
14．阅读理解
A The Dragon Boat Festival is a folk festival which has a history of more than two thousand years. It is also named Chongwu Festival. There are many activities on the day. Dragon boat race
The dragon boat race is an important competition during the festival. People held dragon boat races in the river to remember the poet, Qu Yuan. Now, the dragon boat race is a traditional activity for Chinese people. Wearing sweet-smelling bags
During the Dragon Boat Festival, children usually wear sweet-smelling bags to avoid bad things. In some areas of China, a sweet-smelling bag is also used as a symbol of love between lovers. Girls' Day
A long time ago, a married daughter would return to her parents's home during the Dragon Boat Festival. So the Dragon Boat Festival is also called Girls' Day. Eating rice dumplings
Eating rice dumplings is also a custom for Chinese people. The rice dumpling is a kind of food
with different designs and styles. For thousands of years, the custom of eating rice dumplings has been popular in China and has spread to Korea, Japan and countries in Southeast Asia. （1）The Dragon Boat Festival is called ________. A. The Spring Festival B. Yuanxiao Festival C. Mid-Autumn Festival D. Double Fifth Festival （2）What should Chinese do during the Dragon Boat Festival? ①Take part in a dragon boat race. ②Wear bags that have sweet smells. ③Eat delicious noodles. ④Throw water at each other.
A. ①② B. ②③ C. ①④ D. ③④
（3）Rice dumplings ________. A. can express love between lovers B. are eaten to avoid bad things C. have different designs and styles D. are only eaten in China 【答案】 （1）D （2）A （3）C
【解析】【分析】 本文介绍了在龙舟节期间中国人参加龙舟节比赛。为了纪念屈原，因此人们举行龙舟比赛。人们吃粽子，粽子有不同的设计和款式。
（1）细节题。根据 A The Dragon Boat Festival is a folk festival which has a history of more than two thousand years. It is also named Chongwu Festival. 可知龙舟节也叫重五节，故选D。 （2）细节题。根据 children usually wear sweet-smelling bags 和 The dragon boat race is an important competition during the festival 可知龙舟节期间人们举行龙舟赛并且带有甜味的袋子，故选A。
（3）细节题。根据The rice dumpling is a kind of food with different designs and styles 可知粽子有不同的设计和款式，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、细节题要注意从文中寻找答案。
15．阅读理解
Hundreds of foreigners got together in a small neighborhood in Qingdao on the afternoon of April 20 because of the Neighbor Day, an 18-day event celebrated across Qingdao. They learned the arts of Chinese handwriting, dumpling making, paper cutting, and discovered the culture of Chinese family trees.
The festival started 12 years ago after a 10-year-old girl called Sun Ruihan was refused when paying a New Year's visit to her neighbor. Upset by this incident, she wrote to the Shibei district government of Qingdao, suggesting that they should introduce a \"Neighbor Day\" to encourage greater spirit.
As the birthplace of the festival, Shibei hosted the opening ceremony of this year's Neighbor Day on April 19. With the theme of\" ▲ heir homemade food and discuss the family stories. They also set up a mobile neighbors' library to share books.
Sarah from the United States said she had a great time with her neighbors as she experienced the art of Chinese paper cutting for the first time. Masha from Russia, who is studying Chinese at the Ocean University of China, described the event as a great chance to make friends with her Chinese neighbors and learn about the local culture with them. She tried her best at Chinese handwriting and also had great fun learning how to make dumplings. \"I love eating dumplings but I never knew how to make them before, \"she said.\" Now I can come to my neighbors' homes and learn in their kitchens.\"
Neighbor Day grew from the needs of the people. With the big support from the government, it has become another culture symbol of Qingdao. （1）Neighbor Day in Qingdao is a festival to .
A. welcome foreigners to Qingdao B. learn different western cultures C. make friends with neighbors D. help neighbors out of trouble
（2）The underlined word \"incident\" in Paragraph 2 probably means in Chinese. A. 事件 B. 行动 C. 过程 D. 意外 （3）Which of the following can be best put into the blank\" ▲ \"? A. Foreigners as friends B. Neighbors as family C. Living with foreigners D. Working with neighbors
（4）Which of the following shows the right structure of the passage?（P=Paragraph）
A. B. C. D.
【答案】 （1）C （2）A （3）B （4）C
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了青岛的邻居节。
（1）推理题。根据 described the event as a great chance to make friends with her Chinese neighbors 可知邻居节是为了和邻居交朋友，故选C。
（2）词义猜测题。根据 Sun Ruihan was refused when paying a New Year's visit to her neighbor. Upset by this incident, she wrote to......可知incident是事件的意思，故选A。 （3）推理题。根据 people from across the city got together to share their homemade food
and discuss the family stories. 来自全市各地的人们聚在一起分享他们自制的食物和谈论家庭故事，可知Neighbors as family把邻居当做家人，适合作为活动主题 ，故选B。
（4）细节题。根据全文描述可知，文章的五段以第一段是提出这个节日，2,3,4段描述节日，第五段总结，故正确结构的是C，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题3种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意。
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