浙江省 2018 年 1 月高等教育自学考试
现代语言学试题
课程代码： 00830
一、单项选择题 ( 在每小题的四个备选答案中，选出一个正确答案，并将正确答案的序号填
在题干的括号内。每小题
A. manner of articulation C. place of articulation A. phonetics C. syntax
3. According to Chomsky, ( A. competence
2 分，共 20 分)
B. openness of mouth D. voicing B. morphology D. semantics B. parole
1. English consonants can be classified into stops. fricatives, nasals, etc. , in terms of (
).
2. The study of how words are combined to form sentences is called (
).
) is the ideal user’ s internalized knowledge of his language.
C. performance D. langue
4. “ Sweets” and “ candy” are used respectively in Britain in and America, but refer to the same
thing. The words are ( A. collocational C. complete
) synonyms.
B. dialectal D. stylistic ).
D. antonymy
5. Different meanings can be associated with one linguistic form, but there is no basic meaning
among them. This is known as ( A. homonymy C. polysemy A. entails
B. hyponymy
6. “ How fast did he drive when he ran the red light? ” (
) “He ran the red light ” .
B. contradicts D. includes
).
B. blending D. derivation
C. presupposes A. back formation C. clipping 8. (
A. Angular gyrus
C. The right hemisphere
(
).
7. The word “ lab” is formed through (
) in the brain fulfills the function of speech production.
B. Broca ’ s area
D. Wernicke ’ s area
9. When a child uses “ mummy ” to refer to any woman, most probably his
“ mummy ” means
A. + Human
C. + Human + Adult –Male 10. ( C. Stress
B. + Human + Adult
D. + Human + Adult - Male + Parent
) is not a suprasegmental feature.
A. Aspiration B. Intonation D. Tone
二、在下列空格中填上以给出字母开始的恰当的单词。
1
（每空 1 分，共 16 分）
1. D_________ is a design feature of human language that enables speakers to talk about a
wide range of things, free from barriers caused by separation in time and space.
2. S_________ study of language describes language at some point in time; d_________ study describes language as it changes through time.
3. N_________ transcription transcribes sounds with diacritics, while b_________
does not.
4. A sentence has a hierarchical structure and l_________ structure as well.
5. Unlike a sentence, the meaning of an u_________ is concrete and context-dependent. 6. Chinese belongs to S_________ language family, while English belongs to I _________ language family.
7. R_________ are situational dialects appropriate for use in particular situations; i_________ is a personal dialect.
8. When a p_________ comes to be adopted by a population as its primary language and children learn it as their first language, it becomes c_________.
9. I_________ is the approximate linguistic system that a second language learner constructs, which represents the learner’ s transitional competence in the target language.
10. A_________ is the learner ’ s process of adapting to the culture and value system of the target language community. 11. Words that have descended from a common source are c_________. 三、判断下列各题，正确的在题后括号内写“
transcription
T ”，错误的写“ F”并且加以改正。 （每小题
2 分，共 20 分）
1. “ Beat” and “ bit” are not a minimal pair. ( )
2. Compounds are words created by combining two or more than two words. ( 3. Linguistic change occurs only in sound and lexical system, but not in syntax. ( 4. In a predication, the argument is said to govern the predicate. ( 5. Modern English began with the Norman Conquest. (
)
)
)
)
6. Bilingualism is a situation in which two different varieties of a language co-exist in a speech
community. ( critical period. (
)
)
7. The case of Genie suggests that the language faculty of an average human degenerates after the
8. Interference is the only source of errors in the second language acquisition. ( assimilation. ( object. (
)
9. When a plural form -s is added to a noun that ends with a vowel, it is pronounced as ［ z］, due to
)
)
10. In the sentence “ The father beat the child ” , “ the child ” is both a structural and logical 四、名词解释，并至少举一例加以说明（每小题 1. duality 2. phoneme 3. complex sentence 4. reference 5. perlocutionary act 6. linguistic taboo
2
4 分，共 24 分）
五、论述题（每小题 10 分，共 20 分）
1. Comment on the following conversation in terms of Grice ’ s Cooperative Principle:
A: Where ’ve you been? B: Out.
2. Analyse the following words and show how many morphemes each of them contains: specialize , indisputable, individualistic, downfall, unexceptionableness, ungentlemanliness (每个语素 0. 5 分 )
3
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