individually. stimare – appraisal n [C] stima – appraisee n [C] ciò che viene stimato – appraisor n [C]perito Collocations annual appraisal, performance appraisalasset n [C] something belonging to an individual or business that has value or the power to earn money:The company has recently sold some of its assets to an Australian investor. attivo, beneCollocations tangible assets, intangible assets, fixed assets, liquid assetsassign v [T] give someone a particular task to do: Employees are assigned duties that correspond totheir skills and training. assegnare– assignment n [C] compitoauthority 1 n [U] the power to impose decisions: The managers in our company have a great deal ofauthority. autorità – authorise v (T) autorizzare– authorisation n [U] autorizzazione– authoritative adjautorevole –authoritarian adj autoritario Collocations lines of authority 2 n [C] a public institutionwhich is in charge of enforcing regulations or administering a government service: The public healthauthority.autonomy n [U] the freedom to make your own decisions without having to request authorisation: I’vealways believed that it’s best to give staff as much autonomy as possible. autonomia – autonomousadj autonomoback office n [C] the departments of a financial company where routine admistrative tasks are donewithout direct contact with customers: Efficient management of the back office can reducecosts.back officebalance sheet n [C] a statement showing the wealth of a business or organisation at a particular date.The balance sheet has two parts showing assets and liabilities: Buildings and machinery are assetsthat should be listed on the balance sheet. bilancio patrimoniale Synonyms statement of financialposition n [C] AmE stato patrimoniale
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bankrupt adj unable to pay your debts: The company is almost bankrupt and will need to secure a loanto survive. fallito – bankrupt v, n [C] portare al fallimento– bankruptcy n [U] bancarotta Synonymsinsolvent adj AmE insolventebarrier to entry n [C] any factor which prevents new competition from entering a market: A strongbrand can become a barrier to entry in some markets, while a simple product cannot. barrieraall'ingresso (nel mercato)benefit n [C] an advantage or an improvement: One benefit of the new design is that it can be installedeasily. beneficio – benefit [+ from] v trarre vantaggio [da]– beneficial adj vantaggiosobid n [C] an offer to buy something at a stated price: All bids must be submitted in writing. offerta – bid v[I,T] offrire– bidder n [C] offerente – bidding n [U] invito Synonyms offer n [C] proposta Collocationsmake/accept/reject a bid, takeover bidboard n [C] the group of directors elected by the shareholders to manage a company: The board hasapproved the director’s salary. consiglio d'amministrazione Collocations board of directors, boardmeeting, boardroomborderline n [C] the point at which one thing ends and another begins: Many products fall into theborderline between different product categories confine – borderline adj al limitebottom line n [C] the last line on a financial document which shows the final result (total profit once allcosts have been deducted): Falling sales are going to have a negative impact on the bottom line.risultato nettoboycott n [C] a protest where people refuse to buy or use a product or service: The consumer group iscalling for the boycott of all tobacco products. boicottaggio – boycott v [T] boicottarebrand n [C] the identity of a product or service: Eastman Kodak is a premier brand in traditional anddigital imaging. marchio – brand v [T] attribuire un marchio Collocations brand image, brand leader,brand loyalty, brand manager, brand management, brand name, brand-stretching, cross-branding,own brand, premium brandbreakthrough n [C] an important new discovery: The iMac was a major breakthrough in computerdesign. passo avanti Collocations make a breakthroughbudget n [C] an account of probable future income and expenditure during a fixed period: We are
currently preparing the budget for next year. bilancio preventivo, budget – budget v [I] prevedere lespese – budgetary adj di bilancio Collocations be on / over / under budget, budget deficit, budgetsurplus, meet a budgetbusiness practices n [plural] the methods used to conduct business: The company is running ascheme to encourage best business practices. pratiche aziendalibusiness process n [C] any activity that is essential for a firm to conduct its business: Organisationsthat have complete control over their business processes are the most productive. processoaziendale Collocations business process re-engineeringbusiness to business abbr. B2B adj refers to any business or correspondence between two
companies: The B2B sector will be the biggest growth area in internet traffic. business to businessabbr. B2Bcampaign n [C] a planned operation which aims to achieve a particular result: A new campaign byactivists has forced the company to reconsider some of its policies. campagna – campaign v [I] [+for/against] condurre una campagna [a favore/contro] – campaigner n [C] militante Collocationsadvertising campaign, marketing campaign, political campaign
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charity n [C] a non profit-making organisation that collects goods and money in order to provideassistance: The charity managed to raise £3m for homeless people in the UK. associazione dibeneficienzacoach 1 n [C] person who is responsible for training a team or an individual: He’s a very successfulfootball coach. formatore 2 v [T] formare to train people to help them to acquire particular skills: I’mresponsible for coaching two new people in the department.company n [C] a legally registered business. società There are many different types of companies:holding company (holds the share capital of one or more other companies) società finanziaria dicontrollo, holding joint stock company (registered company or limited company) società a
responsabilità limitata public limited or listed company società per azioni quotate in borsa (companywhose shares are traded on the stock exchange) subsidiary (company owned by a parent companysocietà madre) filiale Synonyms corporation n [C] AmE società di capitali, corporation concern n [C]gruppo business n [C] aziendacompensation n [U] payment, including salary and other incentives like stock options: The best paidexecutives received more than $10 million in compensation last year. compensazione– compensatev [T] compensare Collocations compensation deal, compensation packagecompetition n [U] rivalry between businesses that are operating in the same market: The competitionis getting tougher every year. concorrenza – compete v [I] essere in concorrenza, competere –competitor n [C] concorrente, competitor– competitive adj concorrenziale, competitivo/a –competitiveness n [U] competitività Collocations competitive advantageconsortium n [C] an association between two or more companies to work together on a specificproject (usually a major construction or engineering project): SK Gas has formed a consortium withautomakers to produce gas-powered vehicles. consorzioconsumer n [C] a person who buys products and/or services: Nokia is committed to providingconsumers with the information they need. consumatore– consume v [T] consumare – consumptionn [U] consumo Collocations consumer goods, consumer research, consumer surveycontract n [C] a document setting out an agreement between two or more parties: Under the newcontract the company becomes the exclusive distributor for North America. contratto–contractor n[C] appaltatore – sub-contractor n [C] subappaltatore Collocations agree a contract, be undercontract, breach a contract, negotiate a contract, review a contract, sign a contract, terminate acontractcopycat n [C] the term for someone who copies the work of another person: The Australian governmenthas announced that it is cracking down on copycats. falsificatorecopyright n [U] the legal right that belongs to the person who has created a new artistic work or pieceof software: All of the graphics and editorial content on this site are protected under US copyright.diritti d'autorecorrespondence n [U] writing, receiving and answering letters: I’m catching up on mycorrespondence. corrispondenza – correspond v [I]
cost 1 n [C] the price paid for something: The total cost for the new equipment will be $50,000. 2 themoney that is required to produce or sell something: It looks like production and labour costs will behigher than we expected. costo – cost v [I] costare Synonym overheads n [C] costi di gestioneCollocations fixed costs, variable costs, cost-cutting, cost control, cost-effective, occur a costcover letter n [C] a letter written to an employer in response to a job advertisement: Candidates shouldsend a cover letter with a copy of their CV. lettera di presentazionecurrency n [C] the type of money that is used by a particular country or trading bloc: The euro is thecurrency of most member states of the European Union. valuta Synonyms money n [U] soldi,
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denaro Collocations foreign currency, hard currency, currency dealer, currency exchange rate,currency trading
curriculum vitae abbr. CV n [C] a document that gives details of a person’s experience and
qualifications: Her CV is fairly typical for a business graduate. curriculum vitae abbr. CV Synonymsresumé n [C] AmE curriculum vitaedamages n [plural] an amount of money paid to a person who has suffered an injustice: The companypaid damages to staff who were unfairly dismissed. dannidatabase n [C] an organised set of information stored in a computer: We’re currently updating all ourcustomer files in the database. database, base di datideadline n [C] the date by which something has to be completed: The deadline for applications hasbeen extended until 25 May. scadenza Collocations fix a deadline, meet a deadline, miss adeadline, set a deadlinedealer n [C] a person who specialises in trading a particular type of goods: The company only usesauthorised dealers who are fully trained. concessionario – deal n [C] affare – deal v [I,T] trattareCollocations foreign exchange dealer, broker-dealer, dealership, make/reach/conclude a deal, rawdealdebt relief n [U] the cancellation or reduction of a debt: The government is firmly committed to aprogramme of debt relief. ammortamento del debitodefraud v [T] frodare to cheat another person by taking something that they own: He admitteddefrauding his employer of more than £2m.delegate v [T] to give responsibility to someone at a lower level in the hierarchy to enable them to takedecisions: Managers need to delegate more routine tasks to junior members of staff. delegare –delegation n [U] delegademand n [C,U] domanda the quantity required to supply orders: Total petroleum demand hasincreased by one per cent. Collocations supply and demanddemonstration n [C] a march to publicly protest about something: The demonstration will take place atG7 summit on 10 June. dimostrazionedesign v [T] to make a drawing or plan of something that will be made: At the moment she’s designinga new range of furniture to be used in schools. progettare– design n [C] progetto – designer n [C] –progettista designer adj progettuale Collocations designer goods, designer label, designer waredevelopment 1 n [C] the growth and expansion of a business, industry or economy: The OECD
provides advice and assistance on all aspects of development. sviluppo 2 research to produce new,improved products: Our company is actively pursuing the development of new biotechnologysolutions. sviluppo 3 a change or alteration: Another recent development has been the arrival ofAsian companies on the market. sviluppo – developer n sviluppatore [C] – developing adj insviluppo Collocations research and development (R&D), developing countriesdistribution n [U] the arrangements and activities required in order to get goods from the manufacturerto the consumer: Distribution is organised via a product list. distribuzionedownsize v [I] to reduce the number of employees in an organisation: European companies arecontinuing to downsize their manufacturing operations. ridimensionare – downsize v [T]ridimensionare Synonyms lay off v [T] licenziaree-business n [U] business to business relationships conducted using internet technology: IBM is one ofthe leading suppliers of e-business solutions. e-business
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e-commerce n [U] selling activities that are conducted using internet technology: Some consumers stilllack confidence in e-commerce. e-commerce, commercio elettronicoempower v [T] give someone the power or ability to do something: Staff are empowered to shape theircareer development. autorizzare – empowerment n [U] autorizzazioneenforce v [T| to make people obey a law or rule: Enforcing a patent can be a long and expensiveprocess. far rispettare – enforcement n [U] applicazione – enforceable adj applicabileentrepreneur n [C] someone who starts a company, arranges business deals and takes risks:Entrepreneurs have always played a key role in the economy. imprenditore – entrepreneurial adjimprenditoriale – entrepreneurship n [U] imprenditorialitàexpense 1 n [C] spese money spent: We have significantly reduced our expenses over the last fiveyears. – expenditure n [C] uscite Synonyms spending n [U] 2 n [C] spesa money spent by anemployee that can be claimed back: I put the restaurant bill on expenses. Collocations expenseaccount, expenses claim form, claim expensesfair trade n [U] a movement which promotes fairer trading conditions for developing countries: Fairtrade gives consumers an opportunity to help change the world. commercio equo e solidalefake n [C] a copy or imitation of a genuine article: Experts have identified the components as fakes.falso – fake v [T] falsificare Synonyms copy v [C] copiare – copy n [C] copiafeature n [C] an important part of something: The programme has a number of interesting new features.caratteristica– feature v [T] presentare Synonyms characteristic n [C] caratteristica, qualità specificaCollocations product features, special featuresfile-swapping n [U] exchanging files between computers on a network: Record companies tried toclose down the illegal file-swapping website. file-swapping, scambio di filefinancial statement n [C] a document showing the state of the finances of an organisation or business:Financial statements must be completed by the end of August. conto finanziariofinished goods n [plural] goods or products that are ready to be sold on to consumers: We keep closetrack of the stock levels of our finished goods. prodotti finitiforecast n [C] an estimate of a future situation: According to forecasts, prices will rise more slowly nextyear. previsione – forecast v [T] prevedere Synonyms projection n [C] proiezionefreelance n [C] freelance, autonomo/a someone who works for different companies and is not employedby one. Freelancers usually receive fixed payments and not a salary: We’re going to use a
freelance designer for the company website. – freelancer n [C] professionista freelance – freelanceadj freelancefreight n [U] the transportation of goods by air, sea, rail or road: All freight is paid by the customer.trasporto – freight v [T] trasportare Collocations air-freight, freight car (AmE), freight train, freightforwardgeneric adj a product that does not have a trademark: Generic drugs sell at a much lower price.genericoglitch n [C] a minor fault with a computer program or machine: A glitch in the computer system hasled to the cancellation of several flights. problema tecnico Synonyms malfunction n [C] guasto bug n[C] buggrant n [C] a sum of money given to a person or organisation to help them to pay for something: TheCentral Development Fund has awarded a grant of $7.5m. sussidio – grant v [T] assegnare
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grey marketing n [U] selling products without the authorisation of the trademark owner: Any authoriseddealers who resort to grey marketing will be immediately suspended. mercato grigiogross v [T] to calculate revenue before tax and other charges have been deducted: The film grossed$8.5m in the first two weeks. avere un introito lordo [di] – gross adj lordo Collocations gross profit,gross margins, gross national product, gross domestic product (GDP)growth n [U] an increase in the size or quantity of something: Research suggests that there will besignificant growth in the market for women’s products. crescita – grow v [I] crescere Collocationsgrowth ratehaulage n [U] the business of transporting goods by road or railway: We are a haulage andwarehousing company based in Poland. trasporto Collocations road-haulagehierarchy n [C] system of authority within an organisation: Many Swedish firms have very flathierarchies. gerarchia – hierarchical adj gerarchico Collocations flat hierarchy, steep hierarchy,traditional hierarchyhire v [T] employ someone: Businesses are hiring as job growth booms. assumere – hire n [C]
assunzione Synonyms recruit v [T] ingaggiare employ v [T] impiegare Collocations hiring and firing,hiring managerincome n [C,U] money received by a person, family or organisation: In some parts of the countryincomes have fallen by as much as 25 per cent. reddito Synonyms revenue n [C] entrateCollocations income tax, gross income, net incomeincome statement n [C] AmE conto economico a financial statement showing revenue, expenditureand profit from operations during a given period: Enron’s income statement did not accurately reflectits losses. Synonyms profit and loss account n [C] BrE conto profitti e perdite statement of earnings n[C] AmE conto economicoindustry n [C] the production of goods using capital and labour: The automobile industry is facingincreased competition. industria – industrial adj industriale– industrialise v [T] industrializzare–industrialisation n [C] industrializzazione Collocations manufacturing industry, service industry,industrial relationsinformation technology abbr. IT n [C] the technology of processing, storing or transmitting data byelectronic means: Information technology has revolutionised all aspects of management. informaticaabbr. ITinfringement n [U] a breach of the law or of another person’s rights: The company is being sued overinfringements of copyright technology. violazioneintellectual property n [U] something that a person or business has invented and which is protectedby patent: All international businesses are having to spend more on protecting their intellectualproperty. proprietà intellettualeinventory n [C] a list of the stocks held by a business: New software has made it possible to controlinventory more accurately. inventario Synonyms stock n [C] stock, riservaknowledge work n [U] work that involves developing or using knowledge: The profitability of mostbusiness today depends more on knowledge work than on manual work. lavoro della conoscenza –knowledge worker n [C] lavoratore intellettualelegal action n [C,U] using the law to defend one’s rights: The consumer association said it will considerlegal action. azione legale Synonyms litigation n [U] processo law suit n [C] causa Collocations takelegal action, win a legal actionlitigation n [U] legal action against an individual or organisation: Litigation has increased significantlyover the years. processo – litigate v [U] essere in causa – litigator n [C] avvocato
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loading bay n [C] the area in a factory or warehouse where goods are loaded for transport: When atruck arrives at the loading bay an employee registers the delivery. zona adibita al caricoloan n [C] money lent to an individual or organisation: The World Bank has agreed to a five-year loanof $125m. prestito – loan v [T] fare un prestito Collocations apply for a loan, bank loan, interest on aloan, take out a loanlobby v [T] to try to persuade a government or organisation to change a policy or situation: Big
companies are lobbying the president to open up marine reserves for oil drilling. esercitare pressioni(politiche) – lobby n [U] lobby, gruppo di pressione lobbyist n [U] lobbystalogo n [C] a sign or symbol used as a trademark to represent a company or a brand: The Nike‘swoosh’ is an instantly recognisable logo. logomarket research n [U] the work of finding out what kind of goods consumers want: Conducting onlinesurveys is a new and promising approach to market research. ricerca di mercatomarket share n [U] the proportion of the total market that is supplied by a particular company: Ourobjective is to increase our European market share by five per cent this year. quota di mercato –market-sharing n [U] compartimentazione del mercato Collocations increase / lose / take / winmarket sharemarketing mix n [U] the four different components of marketing: marketing mix 1 place n [C] thedistribution and delivery of goods to market distribuzione 2 price n [C] the amount of money forwhich something can be sold. prezzo– price v [T] prezzare Collocations cost price, cut price, fixedprice, list price, retail price , purchase price, recommended price, wholesale price, price-list, price-tag, price war 3 product n [C] normally a manufactured item but also refers to everything thatsurrounds the product: the brand, the packaging, the product’s features and performancecharacteristics. prodotto 4 promotion n [C] promozione activities that help sell a productmass market n [U] the market for standardised consumer products: Licensing is one way for smallbusinesses to enter the mass market. mercato di massa –mass-market adj del mercato di massamass-production adj produced in large quantities: Many companies have moved their mass-productionoverseas to cheaper markets. prodotto in massa – mass-produce v [T] produrre a macchina –mass-production n [U] produzione di massamerchandising n [U] toys, clothes and other products based on a popular film, TV show, etc and soldto make additional profits: Star Wars merchandising made far more profit than the films.merchandising, attività promozionalimerger n [C] the creation of a new company by joining two separate companies: The merger will haveto be approved by the authorities. fusione – merge v [I,T] effettuare una fusionemismanagement n [U] poor quality management: Lack of cashflow is often due to mismanagement.cattiva gestione – mismanage v [T] gestire malemobile n [C] a wireless telephone: The introduction of colour screens and digital imaging have mademobiles even more essential. telefono cellulare Synonyms cell phone n [C] AmE cellularemotivate v [T] make someone willing to work harder: He’s very good at motivating his sales team.motivare – motivation n [U] motivazione – motivational adj motivazionale – motivated adj motivatoSynonym encourage v [T] incoraggiare Collocations highly-motivated, motivational skills, motivationtechniquesnegotiation n [C] the process of negotiating a business deal: The success of the negotiations willdepend on the financial terms of the deal. trattativa– negotiate v [I,T] trattare, negoziare – negotiator n[C] negoziatore Synonyms talks n [plural] negoziati Collocations negotiate an agreement / a deal,negotiation skills
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objective n [C] a goal that has been fixed for people to achieve: I have a meeting with my linemanager to fix my objectives every six months. obiettivo Synonyms goal n [C] scopo aim n [C]mira target n [C] traguardo Collocations set / fix / establish / achieve / meet objectivesoffshoring n [U] transferring work to an outside supplier based in another country: Offshoring is onlysuitable for tasks that have been clearly defined and can be managed at a distance. offshoring,delocalizzazione delle attività – offshore adj off-shore– offshore n [U] off-shore Synonyms outsourcev [T] outsource, ricorrere a risorse esterneopportunity n [C] a situation with future potential: Japan represents a great opportunity for our newbrand. opportunità Collocations lose / seize / take an opportunityoutsource v [T] transferring work to an outside supplier: We are planning to outsource all of our IToperations to an Indian supplier. outsource, ricorrere a risorse esterne – outsourcing n [U]outsourcing, ricorso a risorse esterne Synonyms subcontract v [T] subappaltareoverhead n [C] a cost that does not vary with output (e.g. rent, salaries): The pressure on corporatemanagement to reduce overheads is increasing. costo di gestione Synonyms fixed cost n [C] costofissooverload n [C] an excessive quantity of something: You may be overwhelmed by the overload ofinformation that is available on the net. sovraccarico – overload v [I] sovraccaricarepatent n [C] a special right given to the inventor of a machine or process: Some governments do notrecognise patents on software. brevetto– patent v [T] brevettare – patented adj brevettato Synonymscopyright n [C,U] diritti d'autore Collocations patent pending, patent officepay 1 n [U] money earned by an employee as a salary or wage: Some employees are complainingthat their pay has not increased in line with inflation. paga – payment n [C] pagamento Collocationspay as you earn (PAYE), pay freeze, pay rise, payroll, pay-slip, pay talks 2 to give money tosomeone in exchange for items or services: We’re paying more than the market rate.payroll n [U] 1 a list of the employees in an organisation personale 2 the administration of employeepay: Salaries are calculated according to the number of days that employees are on the payroll.stipendi Collocations payroll management, cut/reduce the payrollpension n [C] a regular payment made to a person after they have retired from active work: Somebusinesses have decided to ask their staff to contribute another one per cent towards theirpensions. pensione Collocations pension fund, pension contributionpetition n [C] a document signed by many people asking someone in authority to change something:So far, five thousand people have signed the petition. petizione –petition [+ against/for] v [I,T]presentare una petizione [a favore/contro]pilot project n [C] a trial project to test performance: The pilot project will start operating in June.progetto pilotapilot v [T] to test a new idea or product: We are piloting new ways to improve our supply chainmanagement. sperimentare Synonyms test v [T] testare trial v [T] provarepiracy n [U] infringement of copyrights: The association has launched a campaign to fight softwarepiracy. pirateriapoint of sale abbr. POS n [C] the place where a consumer can buy a product or service: New
electronic systems can approve credit for customers at the point of sale. punto vendita abbr. POSpremium n [C] a price that is higher than the standard price, usually due to higher quality: Organicallygrown foods are sold at a premium. premio Collocations premium rate
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pressure group n [C] a group that tries to influence the opinions of other people: The pressure group iscoordinating the protests. gruppo di pressioneprice setting n [U] fixing the prices at which goods and services will be sold: In price setting you tryto estimate how much customers will be prepared to pay for an item. definizione dei prezziprioritise v [T] to put things in the order of importance so that you can deal with the most importantthings first: Prioritising your work will help you to avoid backlogs. classificare in ordine d'importanzaprocess v [T] to deal with information or documents: All the data is processed on the server. –elaborare process n [C] processo, elaborazioneproduct recall n [C] a situation where a defective product is withdrawn from the market and returned tothe manufacturer: Product recalls of children’s toys are now very rare. ritiro del prodottoproductivity n [U] The relationship between the output of goods and the resources needed to producethem: Productivity has continued to grow strongly. produttivitàprofit and loss account n [C] BrE a financial statement showing revenue, expenditure and profit fromoperations during a given period: Ahold’s profit and loss account did not show all its losses. contoprofitti e perdite Synonyms income statement n [C] AmE conto economico statement of earnings n[C] AmE conto economicoprofitability n [U] the ability of a business to earn profits: Increased labour costs have reduced ourprofitability. redditività – profit n [C] profitto – profit v [I] trarre profitto – profitable adj redditiziopromotion n [C] a method of communicating and publicising a product: America Online plans to launcha promotion on Thursday that will let its members download full-feature films. promozione – promotev [T] – promuovere promotional adj promozionale Collocations seasonal promotion, promotionalcampaign, promotional priceprosperity n [U] a state of being rich, having economic success: The nation’s future prosperity willdepend on developing a highly-skilled workforce. prosperità– prosper v [I] prosperare – prosperousadj prosperoprotectionism n [U] protecting a country’s trade by taxing foreign goods: Protectionism usuallyincreases the prices of basic goods to the consumer. protezionismoprototype n [C] the first form that a new design takes: The prototype has revealed areas where thedesign can be improved. prototipoqualification n [C] an examination passed at school or university: Candidates must have qualificationsin accounting. qualifica – qualify v [I] qualificarsi – qualified adj qualificatoquota n [C] an official limit on the amount of something: Quotas have been imposed on 25 categories ofimported clothing. quotaraw materials n [plural] materials such as minerals and hydrocarbons which are used in a productionprocess: Securing long term supplies of raw materials is critical. materie primereal estate n [U] property in the form of land or houses: Investing in real estate is not as risk free assome people think. proprietà immobiliare Synonyms property n [U] BrE proprietà realty n [U] AmEproprietà immobiliare Collocations estate agent BrEregulator n [C] a government agency responsible for overseeing a profession or an activity: Stockmarket regulators are in charge of protecting investors. ente regolatore – regulation n [C]regolamentazione Synonyms controller n [C] ente controllore
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reserve 1 n [C] the amount of something kept for future use: Shell has revised its estimate of availableoil reserves. 2 an amount of money set aside from profits: Ten per cent of earnings have beentransferred to reserves. riserva – reserve v [T] tenere in serbo Synonym resources n [U] risorseCollocations hold in reserve, use up reservesresources n [C] this includes the capital, personnel and knowledge that an organisation has at itsdisposal: A key element of the new strategy is the more effective use of our resources. risorseCollocations human resources, financial resourcesresumé n [C] AmE a document that gives details of a candidate’s experience and qualifications:Preparing a good resumé should be the starting point for all job seekers. curriculum vitaeSynonyms Curriculum Vitae BrE Curriculum vitaerevenue n [C] money received especially from selling goods and services: Revenues have increasedby six per cent to £183m. redditoreward v [T] to give a payment for services performed or for excellent work or behaviour: We like toreward our staff when they reach the objectives. ricompensare – reward n [C,U] ricompensa–rewarding adj gratificantesalary n [C,U] an amount of money paid every month to an employee in exchange for their services:Salaries are always paid in the local currency. stipendio– salaried adj stipendiato Collocations be ona salary of, earn a salary, negotiate a salary, salary scalesales 1 n [plural] the value of the goods and services sold during a period: The company reported salesof $42 million during the first quarter. 2 the department responsible for the activity of selling goodsand services to customers: I’ll put you through to our sales department. vendite – salesman/womann [C] venditore/venditrice– salesclerk n [C] AmE venditore/venditrice Collocations sales agent,sales call, sales conference, sales department, sales drive, sales figures, sales forecast, salesmanager, sales outlet, sales pitch, sales promotion, sales representative, sales talksaving n [C] money and materials saved by economical working: New construction techniques
resulted in a saving of 25 per cent of operation and maintenance costs. risparmio – savings [plural]risparmi Synonym economy n [U] economia Collocations cost saving, make savingsscreen v [T] to examine or test people: Each candidate is screened for education, experience,expertise and salary. selezionareSecurities Exchange Commission abbr. SEC n the US agency responsible for stock market
regulation: The SEC is currently investigating ten cases of fraud. Securities Exchange Commission(commissione di vigilanza sulla borsa) abbr. SECservice provider n [C] a company that provides services for users especially in computer networks:There are several issues to consider when selecting a service provider. fornitore di servizi, providerseverance deal / pay n [C,U] money paid by an employer when an employee’s services are
terminated: Severance pay for top executives has increased significantly in recent years. indennitàdi buonuscitashare n [C] a unit of the capital of a company. Shares in listed companies can be bought and sold onthe stock market: Investors are having to pay a higher price for the company’s shares. azione –shareholder n [C] azionista stockholder n [C] US azionista – shareholding n [C] partecipazione
azionaria Synonym stock n [C] AmE titoli Collocations share capital, share certificate, share dealing,share issue, share priceship v [T] to move goods from one place to another: This order is being shipped to Puerto Rico. spedire– shipment n [U] spedizione – shipping n [U] trasporto (via nave) - ship n [C] nave Synonymsdeliver v [T] consegnare
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shortage n [C] a lack or scarcity of something: Silicon Valley is facing a shortage of skilledprogrammers. carenzastaff 1 n [plural] the employees of an organisation: The new manager will be joining the staff inNovember. staff 2 v [I] to provide workers for an organisation: Each of our centres is staffed byexpert personnel. Synonyms personnel n [U] personale employees n [C] dipendenti workers n [C]impiegati Collocations staff morale, staff turnoverstock option n [C] an option given to executive employees allowing them to buy shares in thecompany at a favourable price: Microsoft has announced that it plans to end stock options foremployees. opzione di sottoscrizionestrategy n [C] a plan of action to enable a firm to compete: As part of our new strategy we aredeveloping closer links with our suppliers. strategia – strategic adj strategico – strategically advstrategicamente Collocations develop / revise a strategy, strategic alliance, strategic management,strategic planning, strategic business unit (SBU)subordinate n [C] a person who works under a more senior member of staff: I have six subordinatesthat report to me. subalterno – subordinate v [T] subordinaresubsidy n [C] money given by a government to certain producers to help them to produce withoutlosing money: World Bank economists are urging rich countries to cut subsidies to certainindustries. sovvenzione – subsidise v [T] sovvenzionaresupervise v [T] to control the work of other people in order to make sure that it is properly done: Weneed to supervise the trainees very closely. supervisionare – supervision n [U] supervisione–supervisory adj di supervisione Synonym manage v [T] dirigeresupply chain n [C] the interactions between the suppliers, manufacturers and distributors when makingand selling a product: Information technology has changed the dynamics of the supply chainCollocations supply chain management. catena di forniturasupply n [U] the amount of goods or services available on a market at a certain time: Improvedproduction techniques will increase the supply of raw materials. fornitura – supply v [T] fornire–supplier n [C] fornitore– supplies n [C] forniture, rifornimenti Collocations order supplies, supply anddemand, supply chain management, supply side, oversupplytask n [C] a piece of work that has to be done. Tasks are generally assigned to employees at the startof the week. incarico Synonym duty n [C] dovere Collocations assign / delegate a task, task-based, task-driven, task forcetaxpayer n [C] any person or organisation that is liable to pay tax: Taxpayers will pay more to subsidisethe development of alternative energy sources. contribuentetender n [C] a written offer by a supplier to provide goods or services at a certain price: Your tenderhas been accepted at the agreed price. offerta ufficiale – tender v [I,T] fare un'offertatext messaging n [U] a system which allows short text messages to be communicated by telephone:Text messaging is far more popular than voice calls. messaggeria di testo Synonyms SMS (ShortMessage Service) n [C] SMSthreat n [C] a potential danger to the interests of a company: Deregulation of the market is a real threatto established telecom operators. minaccia– threaten v [T] minacciare– threatening adj minaccioso –threateningly adv minacciosamente
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trade union n [C] an organisation that exists to protect the rights of employees in a company: Thetrade union is in pay negotiations with the employer. sindacato Synonym labor union n [C] AmEunione dei lavoratoritrademark n [C] a special, registered picture or symbol that is associated with a particular brand orproduct: Our trademark is now well-known in most countries in the region. marchio registratotrain v [T] to teach someone the skills of a particular job or activity: Staff are trained to watch forsituations where they may be required to help. formare – training n [U] formazione – trainee n [C]persona in formazione– trainer n [C] formatorewealth n [U] the amount of money or possessions owned by an individual, organisation or country:Accumulating wealth is the key to financial independence. ricchezza– wealthy adj ricco Collocationsacquire / accumulate wealthwhite-collar adj employees who work in offices: White-collar jobs are moving abroad. colletti bianchi
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